{"id":1322,"date":"2025-01-21T00:01:14","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T00:01:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.euro-tv.ro\/news\/massive-russian-hack-on-government-database-shows-cracks-in-ukraines-digitalization-drive\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T00:01:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T00:01:14","slug":"massive-russian-hack-on-government-database-shows-cracks-in-ukraines-digitalization-drive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.euro-tv.ro\/news\/massive-russian-hack-on-government-database-shows-cracks-in-ukraines-digitalization-drive\/","title":{"rendered":"Massive Russian hack on government database shows cracks in Ukraine’s digitalization drive"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Massive<\/p>\n

At the start of December, Ukrainians suddenly found themselves unable to sell cars, file legal claims, or register marriages through Ukraine\u2019s recently digitized government registries.<\/p>\n

Cybersecurity specialist and frequent coordinator of Ukrainian hackers, Karla Wagner, noticed when she went to register an NGO through the Ukrainian Justice Ministry<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u201cI was getting inconsistent results from the Justice Ministry website; I was able to submit the document, but I was not able to digitally sign it. And at first, I was annoyed because I’m thinking, yeah, this is a crappy system,\u201d says Wagner.<\/p>\n

\u201cI was getting different results every time, from timeouts to errors to \u2018something didn’t seem to work right, please try again later.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n

The Justice Ministry on Dec. 19 formally announced<\/a> that a Russian hack had taken a laundry list of critical government databases that had been put under the Justice Ministry offline. The databases contain sensitive information from property ownership to biometric data to tax records.<\/p>\n

Relevant Ukrainian offices quickly called it an act of war from Russia. \u201cThe information space is one of the key directions of the enemy\u2019s attacks,\u201d wrote the State Communications Service, the national cybersecurity agency, in a statement provided to the Kyiv Independent.<\/p>\n

\u201cRussian hackers, who have become full-fledged participants in this war, are constantly getting better, improving their toolkits, tactics and strategy of operations.\u201d The statement contained no information on the technical details as to how the systems were compromised.<\/p>\n

XakNet, a hacking group previously tied to Russian intelligence, took credit for the attack<\/a>, posting on Telegram data they claim to have hacked from the Ukrainian civil registry. The hackers claimed to have deleted at least some of the registry data.<\/p>\n

The Justice Ministry has since announced that all its state registries were ready to operate but that access to some registers was still limited, as their data still needs to be updated. Access to government services through the Diia app<\/a> would be available in the near future, the ministry said<\/a> on Jan. 20.<\/p>\n

The hack posed a major informational threat, highlighting how vulnerable government and Ukrainians\u2019 personal data is to cyber attacks. In pushing to digitize<\/a> its services quickly, the government also may have taken shortcuts that opened the door to digital onslaughts. Attacks of these kinds also erode public trust in the government, experts say. <\/p>\n

The core problem, as Wagner diagnoses, was the pace at which Ukraine rewired systems ranging from passports to tax payments into a single digital portal, all under the auspices of the Justice Ministry, in order to show positive results to foreign observers.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt was very, very, very, very, very fast progress,\u201d says Wagner. \u201cAnd any IT project that has the heat on to make fast progress will cut corners where needed and save resources where needed with the best of intentions, which is meeting the deadlines and satisfying the requirements. (That) created not only a long string of vulnerabilities but also over-centralization in tech admin infrastructure.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Massive<\/picture>
A woman uses her laptop as she takes shelter in a metro station during an air strike alarm in Kyiv, Ukraine, on Nov. 20, 2024, amid the Russian invasion. (Roman Pilipey\/AFP via Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Mykyta Knysh, who formerly worked in cybersecurity for Ukraine\u2019s security services, the SBU, and currently runs the hacking collective \u201cHackYourMama,\u201d says the agencies involved should have known better.<\/p>\n

\u201cI understand that the Justice Ministry doesn\u2019t necessarily have to have this kind of expertise, but the State Office of Security and Communications, the Digital Transformation Ministry, the SBU \u2014 they should have that expertise,\u201d says Knysh.<\/p>\n

What was hacked and what the hackers could do next<\/code><\/h2>\n

Hardly the most eye-catching of Russia\u2019s military operations against Ukraine since the full-scale invasion, the attack nonetheless presents a serious threat to Ukraine\u2019s security.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf the Russians occupy more territory they can use that information, maybe to threaten or blackmail or defraud people who fall under them,\u201d says Knysh.<\/p>\n

Knysh hails from Kupiansk<\/a>, a town in eastern Kharkiv Oblast<\/a> that currently lies within five miles of Russian positions.<\/p>\n

The registries attacked included information like individuals\u2019 addresses and assets, as well as familial relationships. It is not yet known whether the hackers involved have actually re-written the information for certain civilians. Knysh fears the hackers may have forged digital identities to grant Russian agents access to the front.<\/p>\n

The hack \u201cprovides opportunities for Russian intelligence to obtain additional information about Ukrainian military and civilian government employees, and identify vulnerable or otherwise suitable people in Ukraine who can be recruited or coerced into conducting espionage activities and sabotage,\u201d analysts at cybersecurity firm Flashpoint wrote in a comments to the Kyiv Independent.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

\nThe hack “provides opportunities for Russian intelligence to obtain additional information about Ukrainian military and civilian government employees, and identify vulnerable or otherwise suitable people in Ukraine who can be recruited or coerced into conducting espionage activities and sabotage.\u201d\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u201cHowever, more likely uses of such information include conducting future cyberattacks on other organizations in Ukraine using the information from public registries for reconnaissance, identity theft, social engineering, doxxing, harassment, and crafting convincing phishing emails,\u201d Flashpoint wrote.<\/p>\n

\"Massive<\/picture>
A Ukrainian soldier works with a computer next to a shelter in his fighting position in the direction of Bakhmut, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, Nov. 18, 2023. (Diego Herrera Carcedo\/Anadolu via Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Oleh Burba, who works as a component leader for EU4DigitalUA and coordinates registry integration says that while anything is theoretically possible if Russians have the access, there is currently no confirmed information they have changed anything in the registries.<\/p>\n

Though any such impacts have yet to materialize, the attack has already proved a major inconvenience to civil society, which Wagner sees as the biggest issue.<\/p>\n

\u201cYou attack the Justice Ministry and the day-to-day business of government cannot go on,\u201d says Wagner. \u201cOkay, nobody’s going to die if I can’t register my NGO. But it erodes confidence in the Ukrainian government.\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

\n“You attack the Justice Ministry and the day-to-day business of government cannot go on.”\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

For Russia, Wagner considers it an extension of a propaganda war, similar to bombardments of Ukrainian national monuments.<\/p>\n

\u201cYou don’t need to hit strategic targets in a country. All you have to do is make it appear to be ungovernable.\u201d<\/p>\n

XakNet hackers also claimed<\/a> to have destroyed backup data in servers in Poland. In its message the hacker group mocks Ukraine\u2019s government, saying: \u201cIt\u2019s very telling to store government data on foreign storage \u2014 that\u2019s what independence Ukrainian-style looks like, apparently.\u201d<\/p>\n

Single point of failure<\/code><\/h2>\n

The systems affected were under the umbrella of massive digitalization of government services that has taken place under the administration of President Volodymyr Zelensky, particularly his Digital Transformation Minister Mikhailo Fedorov<\/a>.<\/p>\n

This digitalization<\/a> has been enormously popular, largely seen as reducing opportunities for low-level corruption among a patchwork of regional agencies ruled by unscrupulous bureaucrats.<\/p>\n

But cybersecurity experts question the wisdom of the technical centralization of these systems within one office, with Knysh jokingly dubbing Fedorov\u2019s agency the \u201cDigital Degradation Ministry.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cAt the beginning of the full-scale invasion we realized that Ukraine’s digital infrastructure was overly centralized, according to the old Soviet model,\u201d says Wagner. \u201cCentralization and single points of failure are a well-known anti-pattern. And it’s highly vulnerable.\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

\n\u201cCentralization and single points of failure are a well-known anti-pattern. And it’s highly vulnerable.\u201d\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u201cMy personal opinion was that (the hack) was through this system, \u2018Trembita,\u2019\u201c says Knysh. Trembita is a core data management system that provides the backend for government systems, specifically Diia<\/a>, an app that has digitized government services like passports and tax paying.<\/p>\n

Knysh helped organize a hack<\/a> on Russia\u2019s government services portal last year that among other impacts, immobilized digital voting.<\/p>\n

Independent hackers have been warning government agencies about the centralization of everyone\u2019s information under Diia since 2021.<\/p>\n

Trembita manages the digital communication between different registries. \u201cTrembita is a trip by rail,\u201d wrote Burba in an op-ed<\/a> for Economic Pravda defending the system in May, describing the registries as cities, their digital links as railroads, and individual identifying codes as tickets.<\/p>\n

\"Massive<\/picture>
A mobile phone displays an error message for a marriage online on the ‘Diia’ mobile app in Kyiv, Ukraine, on Sept. 10, 2024. (Viktor Fridshon \/ Global Images Ukraine \/ Getty Images)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cTrembita specifically in this situation was not damaged or broken, it functioned just as it should have functioned and protected the information exchange between these registries,\u201d Burba told the Kyiv Independent.<\/p>\n

Knysh is especially concerned that authorities provided no details on the hack, citing \u201ca whole monopoly on what they are saying.\u201d Given that hackers re-use hacking techniques, he was concerned for other nations.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s not a problem limited to the Zelensky cyber team and Digital Transformation Ministry. Having worked for the Ukrainian SBU under former president Petro Poroshenko’s administration, Knysh says \u201cPoroshenko was almost just the same,\u201d and acknowledged the need for a stronger digitized and federalized system of managing data.<\/p>\n

\u201cBefore Trembita, there was total chaos,\u201d says Knysh. \u201cBut then they said \u2018you will have a government of smartphones\u2019 and now we have a government of smartphones open to the SBU and HUR,\u201d he continued, referencing Ukrainian intelligence agencies.<\/p>\n

Hackers can find backdoors left open to governments, as for example a series of legal battles<\/a> to compel Apple to extract data for U.S. intelligence agencies laid out.<\/p>\n

Officials are touting an overhaul, with Justice Minister Olha Stefanishyna dubbing<\/a> a pending rebuild into a \u201cPentagon of registries.\u201d<\/p>\n

What exactly a \u201cPentagon of registries\u201d means is unclear. For Wagner, it\u2019s fairly simple: \u201cNothing.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s not an emotionally mature approach,\u201d says Wagner, miming beating her chest.<\/p>\n

\u201cI heard this (Pentagon of Registries) and I thought, \u201cGo out and say honestly, \u2018we don\u2019t know how to make a safe system.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n
\n
Zelensky slaps sanctions on Ukraine\u2019s top pro-Russian politicians<\/div>\n
President Volodymyr Zelensky signed a decree imposing new sanctions on Ukraine\u2019s top pro-Russian politicians, he announced on Jan. 19.<\/div>\n
\"MassiveThe Kyiv Independent<\/span>The Kyiv Independent news desk<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\"Massive<\/div>\n

<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

– https:\/\/kyivindependent.com\/tag\/ukraine\/rss\/<\/p>\n

This article appeared on the websitekyivindependent.com
\nThis article is taken based on Law no. 8\/1996 of Romania. News does not enjoy copyright, so they can be taken, this is our right to take news and information in its entirety and distribute them further. The content was made available to us through the rss mechanism
\nOriginal Content<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

At the start of December, Ukrainians suddenly found themselves unable to sell cars, file legal claims, or register marriages through Ukraine\u2019s recently digitized government registries. Cybersecurity specialist and frequent coordinator of Ukrainian hackers, Karla Wagner, noticed when she went to register an NGO through the Ukrainian Justice Ministry. \u201cI was getting inconsistent results from the […]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":1323,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1152,1],"tags":[2218,2217,2219,1403,1741,2216,35,1315,209,587,118,1168],"class_list":["post-1322","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kyivindependent","category-news","tag-cracks","tag-database","tag-digitalization","tag-drive","tag-government","tag-hack","tag-in","tag-massive","tag-on","tag-russian","tag-shows","tag-ukraines"],"yoast_head":"\nMassive Russian hack on government database shows cracks in Ukraine's digitalization drive - News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euro-tv.ro\/news\/massive-russian-hack-on-government-database-shows-cracks-in-ukraines-digitalization-drive\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Massive Russian hack on government database shows cracks in Ukraine's digitalization drive - News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"At the start of December, Ukrainians suddenly found themselves unable to sell cars, file legal claims, or register marriages through Ukraine\u2019s recently digitized government registries. 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